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Archive for June, 2009

Beethoven’s Moonlight Sonata

Ludwig Van Beethoven was a musical genius that assumably everyone has heard of and recognizes as one of the most popular Classical musicians of all time.  He was a successful composer by the age of 30 despite losing his hearing and eventually becoming deaf by the age of 35.  His Piano Sonata No. 14 in C-sharp minor “Quasi una fantasia”, popularly known as the Moonlight Sonata was completed in 1801 in Vienna, and was rumored to be dedicated to a pupil of his that he was supposedly in love with.  He included the phrase “Quasi una fantasia” in the title, which means “almost a fantasy” because the first movement is not in regular sonata form, and where the three or four movements are arranged in a fast-slow-[fast]-fast sequence, the Moonlight sonata possesses an end-weighted trajectory; the climax is held off until the third movement (Wikipedia).

The following is a link for the piece and while listening to it, one can hear the simplistic yet emotional notions of the music and realize that anyone would find this enjoyable and calming.  During the Classical era, the middle class were uprising and demanding art, music and theatre that could be enjoyed by all classes, not just aristocrats and those of wealth.  Beethoven made many, many compositions which could be and were enjoyed by the middle class as well as those that were in other classes at the time.  Today, Beethoven and other Classical musicians provide anyone who wants to listen with a kind of art that is stimulating yet relaxing and definitely enjoyable.

http://www.amclassical.com/mp3/amclassical_moonlight_sonata_movement_1.mp3

Assumption of the Virgin

Assumption of the Virgin by Antonio Da Correggio (1526-1530)

Assumption of the Virgin by Antonio Da Correggio (1526-1530)

 The Assumption of the Virgin by Antonio Da Correggio is what one sees when they look up at the dome of the Cathedral of Parma.  Correggio worked on this piece of art from 1526-1530Assumption of the Virgin and it is without a doubt, his most famous work.  It portrays the Virgin Mary being accepted and ascending towards Heaven with layers of clouds and people that are floating and seeming to dance in happiness at the event.  The layers created a 3 dimensional look to a 2 dimensional space along with the creation of the illusion of depth by using color contrast.

 The dramatic and obviously religious subject matter is what draws me to believe that Correggio’s influence for this piece of art came from the Council of Trent.  The Council of Trent was convened to be a Counter Reformation in response to the Protest Reformation and mannerism that was occurring at the time.  The Catholic Church wanted art to be appealing to all.  It wanted it to be ornate, yet easy to understand with a narrow focus on subject matter while being dramatic enough to clearly communicate religious views and stories to faithful followers.  The location of the Assumption of the Virgin (in a cathedral) also is an obvious connection to the Catholic Church and its influence on art and artists of the Baroque period.

I found this piece of art so appealing because if its ornate detail and illusionistic qualities.  The light at the top of the ”dome” represents Heaven in a positive, significant way while the rest of the painting is darker without being dark in a truly negative way.  Illusions are interesting and intriguing, they draw a person and encourage him/her to really look at the painting and understand what is going on.  It’s not confusing but it’s amazing how someone can create a painting in such a way that a person is in awe of its complexity while at the same time fully comprehending the message and emotions that the painting portrays.  I feel like this painting is something that people could look at for minutes or hours and still get satisfaction because of its beauty.  Also, the subject matter appealed to me.  Mary’s Assumption to Heaven and the reactions of all those involved was enlightening and brought up emotions of happiness, excitement and content.

The Navicella

 

 The Medici Family were one of the most prosperous, famous families during the Italian Renaissance.  Though they went in and out of power, they remained an influence in Florence and all around Europe.  The Medicis were particularly involved with art.  They were patrons of many famous artists of the time, including Giotto di Bondone.  According to Renaissance Painters website, “Giotto di Bondone was a respected artist by a member of The Medici Family“ and was very well respected by the Medici family because of his humanistic way of painting and because his focus was usually religious.  His paintings are considered humanistic in that they showed humanity as beautiful, focused on life on Earth,  and showed how people connect directly to God.

 
 Giotto’s most famous works are his frescos, the most famous being his fresco at the Scrovegni Chapel in Padua, Italy.  The painting seen below is known as the Navicella by Giotto di Bondone.  It was painted in 1298 and it is located above the main entrance of the portico at St. Peter’s Basilica in Rome.  The painting is not the original, according to St.Peter’s Basilica.org only fragments of the original remain and a copy of the artist’s work was made.
 
   Navicella by Giotto di Bondone
   
I found this work especially appealing because it is a fresco painting which is a technique in which the artist applies a fresh, wet layer of plaster on a wall and then adds water to the paint pigment before adding it to the plaster.  When added it forms a chemical bond between the wall and paint which makes them permanently fuse together.  I think frescos, which are mainly associated with the Renaissance eras are some of the best paintings out there because of the format used and because the colors are usually vibrant due to the plaster/paint mixture.   I also found this work appealing because I actually saw it when I went to St. Peter’s Basilica in 2004.  It’s bright and beautiful and is also very symbolic.  According to St.PetersBasilica.org, “the mosaic shows Jesus who is walking on the waters of the Sea of Tiberias and inviting Peter to come to him. But Peter, letting himself be overcome by fear is beginning to sink; Jesus saves him and says “How little faith you have! Why did you falter?” (Mt 14:24-31)”.   The symbolism is shown by the ship in which Jesus Christ has compared to the Church in that it is “constantly battered by storms, by its numerous oppositions, but which will never sink because it can always rely on the help of its found”.  The founder is depicted as the strong figure (Jesus Christ) standing on the rough waves holding His hand out for St. Peter, offering salvation.
 
Although this wasn’t Giotto di Bondone’s most famous work, I think it was important.  It was one of the only known pieces of his found in Rome and yet it is one of the most visited and treasured places in the world (although technically, St. Peter’s Basilica is in Vatican City which is a country all of its own).  The piece represents the influences of the Italian Renaissance which were the Vatican, Roman Catholics and also humanism.